Trade in a Bottle: Identifying Import Bottlenecks in International Trade

Country Matrix

For 2014, the matrix below shows European Union's number of import bottlenecks for different combinations of minimum import share (%) and minimum import value (USD). Red parentheses show bottlenecks from Danger Zone countries, and lime square brackets show bottlenecks involving Critical Goods.

European Union

Year: 2014(138 in Danger Zone)[10 Critical Goods]
6-digit HS codes4-digit HS codes2-digit HS codes
Value \ Share>= 30%>= 40%>= 50%>= 60%>= 70%>= 80%>= 90%
>= 10 mln USD3341(138)[10]2367(100)[7]1657(68)[2]1136(42)[1]740(27)[1]420(10)[1]166(4)
>= 50 mln USD1735(91)[10]1276(67)[7]922(45)[2]639(30)[1]433(18)[1]246(6)[1]94(1)
>= 100 mln USD1156(64)[7]865(50)[6]630(29)[2]449(20)[1]307(12)[1]177(3)[1]63
>= 200 mln USD705(44)[7]552(33)[6]403(17)[2]283(11)[1]190(7)[1]106(2)[1]37
>= 500 mln USD283(23)[6]230(19)[5]170(11)[1]123(7)79(6)44(1)12
Danger ZoneCritical GoodsCritical and in Danger

Danger Zone Bottlenecks (138 records, >= 30% share, >= 10 mln USD)

#Partner HS Code HS DescriptionYearShare (%) Value (USD)
1Russian Federation260500Cobalt ores and concentrates201499.66%11,790,419
2Russian Federation310229Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, other than ammonium sulphate201499.19%22,833,144
3Russian Federation811221Chromium and articles thereof; unwrought chromium, powders201491.74%60,232,270
4Russian Federation722619Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, other than grain-oriented201491.31%46,822,486
5Iran091020Spices; saffron201488.95%52,026,272
6Russian Federation730511Iron or steel (excluding cast iron); line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines (not seamless), longitudinally submerged arc welded, having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mm201486.02%319,191,148
7Russian Federation840130Fuel elements (cartridges); non-irradiated201485.07%516,969,235
8Russian Federation400239Rubber; synthetic, halo-isobutene-isoprene rubber (CIIR or BIIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201484.01%193,134,854
9Ukraine250830Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined201482.65%41,307,496
10Russian Federation310551Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing nitrates and phosphates201481.78%70,188,818
11Russian Federation480591Paper and paperboard; uncoated, weight 150g/m2 or less, in rolls or sheets, n.e.c. in heading no.4805201479.46%79,877,051
12Russian Federation284420Uranium; enriched in U235, plutonium, their compounds, alloys dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing uranium enriched in U235, plutonium or compounds of these products201479.35%1,244,488,307
13Russian Federation284390Inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, n.e.c.; amalgams201478.19%1,003,051,803
14Russian Federation270799Oils and other products of the distillation of high temperature coal tar; n.e.c. in heading no. 2707201477.19%1,359,505,546
15Ukraine100790Cereals; grain sorghum, other than seed201476.32%28,362,720
16Russian Federation720291Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium201475.91%38,705,165
17Russian Federation720450Ferrous products; remelting scrap ingots201475.15%22,455,244
18Ukraine151211Vegetable oils; sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, crude, not chemically modified201474.92%664,209,466
19Russian Federation220860Vodka201473.98%117,908,461
20Russian Federation290241Cyclic hydrocarbons; o-xylene201473.04%56,246,393
21Russian Federation480511Paper and paperboard; uncoated, semi-chemical fluting paper, rolls or sheets201472.64%11,860,617
22Russian Federation721550Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not free-cutting)201472.32%130,862,976
23Russian Federation292610Nitrile-function compounds; acrylonitrile201471.84%133,290,272
24Ukraine860630Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; self-discharging, not self-propelled, excluding those of item no. 8606.10201471.00%16,709,834
25Russian Federation290110Acyclic hydrocarbons; saturated201470.96%950,425,346
26Russian Federation680710Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch) in rolls201470.66%66,873,584
27Russian Federation740811Copper; wire, of refined copper, of which the maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 6mm201470.28%147,297,849
28Russian Federation890200Fishing vessels, factory ships and other vessels; for processing or preserving fishery products201469.70%171,727,033
29Russian Federation440399Wood; in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, n.e.c. in heading no. 4403201468.88%309,280,135
30Russian Federation310240Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate or other inorganic non-fertilizing substances, mixtures thereof201468.46%131,833,412
31Russian Federation400260Rubber; synthetic, isoprene rubber (IR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201468.44%241,075,358
32Russian Federation430180Furskins; raw, of animals n.e.c. in heading no. 4301, whole, with or without head, tail or paws (excluding goods of heading no. 4101, 4102 and 4103)201466.83%64,610,366
33Ukraine230630Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of sunflower seed oils201464.91%631,507,038
34Russian Federation400231Rubber; synthetic, isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber (IIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201463.21%49,081,737
35Russian Federation721123Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, cold-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon201463.12%54,215,727
36Ukraine721631Iron or non-alloy steel; U sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more201462.55%44,575,951
37Saudi Arabia290531Alcohols; acyclic, diols; ethylene glycol (ethanediol)201462.24%338,187,880
38United Arab Emirates540490Filament, synthetic; strip and the like (e.g.. artificial straw), of synthetic textile materials of an apparent width not exceeding 5mm201461.44%48,812,481
39Russian Federation282530Vanadium oxides and hydroxides201461.00%67,785,949
40Russian Federation440121Wood; for fuel, in chips or particles, coniferous, whether or not agglomerated201460.53%85,274,004
41Russian Federation720441Ferrous waste and scrap; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings, whether or not in bundles201460.47%138,325,529
42Saudi Arabia290941Ether-alcohols and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; 2,2-oxydiethanol (diethylene glycol, digol)201460.34%144,018,636
43Russian Federation740610Copper; powders of non-lamellar structure201459.86%51,128,835
44Russian Federation230641Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of low erucic acid rape or colza seed oils201459.78%77,724,091
45Saudi Arabia290211Cyclic hydrocarbons; cyclohexane201459.30%289,383,150
46Russian Federation480421Kraft paper and paperboard; sack kraft paper, uncoated, unbleached, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803201459.15%66,379,604
47Russian Federation271012Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; light oils and preparations201458.52%8,301,394,799
48Russian Federation480592Paper and paperboard; uncoated, weight more than 150g/m2 but less than 225 g/m2, in rolls or sheets, n.e.c. in heading no. 4805201458.49%19,309,693
49Russian Federation721119Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, hot-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, less than 4.75mm thick, excluding those of item no. 7211.13201458.30%19,114,614
50Ukraine100590Cereals; maize (corn), other than seed201457.72%1,889,816,031
51Russian Federation780191Lead; unwrought, unrefined, containing by weight antimony as the principal other element201457.62%37,914,940
52Iran080252Nuts, edible; pistachios, fresh or dried, shelled201456.96%85,802,910
53Russian Federation720915Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 3mm or more201456.92%10,991,126
54Russian Federation720853Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201456.33%27,660,387
55Russian Federation230320Beet-pulp, bagasse and other waste of sugar manufacture; whether or not in the form of pellets201455.24%101,151,398
56Russian Federation760310Aluminium; powders of non-lamellar structure201455.14%36,260,312
57Russian Federation280300Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.201454.88%473,241,402
58Russian Federation283640Carbonates; potassium carbonate201454.86%18,200,910
59Russian Federation722850Steel, alloy; bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished201454.28%187,530,983
60Ukraine100290Cereals; rye, other than seed201454.24%10,723,347
61Russian Federation310540Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate (monoammonium phosphate) and mixtures thereof with diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate)201453.67%161,088,953
62Russian Federation720410Ferrous waste and scrap; of cast iron201453.36%12,811,458
63Russian Federation720827Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of less than 3mm201452.15%67,870,300
64Russian Federation440710-Coniferous201451.51%744,867,521
65Ukraine230649Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of rape seed oils (other than low erucic acid rape or colza)201450.85%10,212,200
66Russian Federation283531Polyphosphates; sodium triphosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate), whether or not chemically defined201450.83%55,640,223
67Russian Federation291411Ketones; acyclic, without other oxygen function, acetone201450.33%39,854,521
68Saudi Arabia390120Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more201450.31%850,047,589
69Ukraine140490Vegetable products; n.e.c. in chapter 14201449.27%103,522,965
70Russian Federation721810Steel, stainless; ingots and other primary forms201448.94%20,143,666
71Russian Federation310390Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; phosphatic, n.e.c. in heading no. 3103201448.68%24,267,967
72Ukraine440391Wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated201448.67%15,298,512
73Russian Federation290124Acyclic hydrocarbons; unsaturated, buta-1,3-diene and isoprene201448.39%21,710,079
74Russian Federation722490Steel, alloy; semi-finished products201448.16%136,637,251
75Ukraine720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section201447.68%1,447,131,552
76Russian Federation470311Wood pulp; chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, (other than dissolving grades), unbleached, of coniferous wood201447.56%21,046,390
77Ukraine250840Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined201447.15%60,018,033
78Russian Federation270111Coal; anthracite, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated201447.13%330,419,700
79Russian Federation720310Ferrous products; obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms201446.61%283,209,032
80Russian Federation722410Steel, alloy; ingots and other primary forms201446.55%14,331,414
81Russian Federation283325Sulphates; of copper201446.29%37,992,558
82Russian Federation281410Ammonia; anhydrous201446.10%627,916,464
83Russian Federation291735Acids; aromatic polycarboxylic acids; phthalic anhydride201444.89%11,482,442
84Russian Federation271019Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; not light oils and preparations201444.84%39,359,427,967
85Saudi Arabia390210Propylene, other olefin polymers; polypropylene in primary forms201444.84%549,680,194
86Russian Federation441232-- Other, with at least one outer ply of non-coniferous wood201444.77%497,215,869
87Russian Federation251020Natural calcium phosphates, natural aluminium calcium phosphates and phosphatic chalk; ground201444.26%174,465,877
88Saudi Arabia291532Acids; saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids; vinyl acetate201443.58%304,172,466
89Russian Federation310221Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium sulphate201443.35%30,443,378
90Ukraine720852Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm201443.22%116,092,562
91Ukraine720711Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness201443.16%190,503,266
92Russian Federation270750Aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures; n.e.c. in heading no. 2707, of which 65% or more by volume (including losses) distils at 250 degrees Celsius by the ISO 3405 method (equivalent to the ASTM D 86 method)201442.88%307,860,890
93Qatar271111Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; liquefied, natural gas201442.86%6,635,433,023
94Russian Federation720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section201442.07%1,276,927,528
95Russian Federation400220Rubber; synthetic, butadiene rubber (BR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201441.29%221,711,749
96Russian Federation271121Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; in gaseous state, natural gas201441.26%17,837,486,606
97Russian Federation760110Aluminium; unwrought, (not alloyed)201441.20%2,568,673,340
98Ukraine720851Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness exceeding 10mm201441.16%396,309,347
99Russian Federation310420Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; potassic, potassium chloride201441.07%354,515,734
100Russian Federation290723Polyphenols; 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol A, diphenylolpropane) and its salts201440.88%38,755,470
101Russian Federation310520Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium201439.79%352,065,025
102Russian Federation283526Phosphates; of calcium n.e.c. in item no. 2835.25, whether or not chemically defined201439.47%39,864,044
103United Arab Emirates730900Reservoirs, tanks, vats and similar containers; for any material (excluding compressed or liquefied gas), of iron or steel, capacity exceeding 300l, whether or not lined or heat insulated201438.30%79,030,957
104Ukraine120510Oil seeds; low erucic acid rape or colza seeds, whether or not broken201438.21%589,891,038
105Russian Federation151411Vegetable oils; low erucic acid rape or colza oil and its fractions, crude201437.99%82,951,481
106Russian Federation720110Iron; non-alloy pig iron containing by weight 0.5% or less of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms201437.96%484,387,093
107Russian Federation722511Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented201437.73%66,889,836
108Russian Federation720610Iron or non-alloy steel; ingots (excluding iron of heading no. 7203)201437.41%15,852,237
109Russian Federation720917Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm201436.89%152,357,091
110Saudi Arabia390110Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94201436.54%734,325,837
111Ukraine440110-Fuel wood, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggots or in similar forms201436.39%59,504,678
112Russian Federation720249Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon201436.36%69,091,231
113Ukraine720719Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, other than rectangular or square cross-section201436.29%19,096,775
114Ukraine950611Skis; for snow201436.06%43,466,461
115Qatar293361Heterocyclic compounds; containing an unfused triazine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, melamine201435.44%37,113,105
116Russian Federation271290Paraffin wax; containing by weight 0.75% or more of oil, obtained by synthesis or by other processes, whether or not coloured201435.39%81,530,704
117Russian Federation310230Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium nitrate, whether or not in aqueous solution201435.35%49,953,764
118Ukraine320611Colouring matter; pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide, containing 80% or more by weight of titanium dioxide calculated on the dry matter201434.99%82,878,551
119Russian Federation310559Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing the two fertilizing elements nitrogen and phosphorus, other than nitrates and phosphates201434.73%19,525,524
120Russian Federation270119Coal; (other than anthracite and bituminous), whether or not pulverised but not agglomerated201434.48%1,318,151,001
121Russian Federation720429Ferrous waste and scrap; of alloy steel (excluding stainless)201434.37%38,716,726
122Ukraine270111Coal; anthracite, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated201434.19%239,701,330
123Russian Federation030363Fish; frozen, cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus), excluding fillets, fish meat of 0304, and edible fish offal of subheadings 0303.91 to 0303.99201433.85%144,475,273
124Russian Federation720916Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm201433.78%210,317,707
125Kuwait290941Ether-alcohols and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; 2,2-oxydiethanol (diethylene glycol, digol)201433.24%79,342,133
126Russian Federation170390Sugars; molasses, from sugar beet, resulting from the extraction or refining of sugar201432.79%20,366,626
127Ukraine440890Wood; n.e.c. in heading no. 4408, sheets for veneer or plywood, other wood sawn lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed, not exceeding 6mm in thickness201432.75%87,308,019
128Russian Federation721410Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, forged, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling201432.75%17,455,834
129Russian Federation030472Fish fillets; frozen, haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)201432.42%43,106,342
130Russian Federation120400Oil seeds; linseed, whether or not broken201432.05%125,045,601
131Ukraine100199Cereals; wheat and meslin, other than durum wheat, other than seed201431.99%238,763,381
132Russian Federation750210Nickel; unwrought, not alloyed201431.92%964,666,625
133Russian Federation720826Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201431.65%20,772,849
134Russian Federation720839Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of less than 3mm201431.23%380,091,012
135Russian Federation271020Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals201431.22%93,673,378
136Ukraine720110Iron; non-alloy pig iron containing by weight 0.5% or less of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms201431.17%397,758,154
137Ukraine730449Steel, stainless; (excluding cold-drawn or cold-rolled), tubes pipes and hollow profiles of circular cross-section201430.74%44,894,744
138Russian Federation722860Steel, alloy; bars and rods n.e.c. in heading no. 7228201430.32%16,895,699

Partner frequency summary:

Russian Federation: 98 occurrences

Ukraine: 26 occurrences

Saudi Arabia: 7 occurrences

Iran: 2 occurrences

United Arab Emirates: 2 occurrences

Qatar: 2 occurrences

Kuwait: 1 occurrence

Critical Goods in table:

271012 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271019 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271020 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271111 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

271121 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

Legend:

(n)

The number in red parentheses indicates bottlenecks from countries flagged in the Danger Zone.

[n]

The number in lime square brackets indicates bottlenecks involving HS codes flagged in Critical Goods.