Trade in a Bottle: Identifying Import Bottlenecks in International Trade

Country Matrix

For 2012, the matrix below shows European Union's number of import bottlenecks for different combinations of minimum import share (%) and minimum import value (USD). Red parentheses show bottlenecks from Danger Zone countries, and lime square brackets show bottlenecks involving Critical Goods.

European Union

Year: 2012(139 in Danger Zone)[7 Critical Goods]
6-digit HS codes4-digit HS codes2-digit HS codes
Value \ Share>= 30%>= 40%>= 50%>= 60%>= 70%>= 80%>= 90%
>= 10 mln USD3271(139)[7]2330(96)[3]1662(72)[1]1112(44)[1]721(24)[1]425(13)[1]167(7)
>= 50 mln USD1705(89)[7]1260(63)[3]922(48)[1]627(30)[1]418(15)[1]243(9)[1]87(5)
>= 100 mln USD1109(60)[7]838(39)[3]623(28)[1]433(18)[1]300(11)[1]175(5)[1]63(2)
>= 200 mln USD681(40)[7]516(25)[3]397(16)[1]272(10)[1]190(6)[1]112(3)[1]36(1)
>= 500 mln USD274(23)[6]219(16)[2]171(10)116(6)83(4)49(3)13(1)
Danger ZoneCritical GoodsCritical and in Danger

Danger Zone Bottlenecks (139 records, >= 30% share, >= 10 mln USD)

#Partner HS Code HS DescriptionYearShare (%) Value (USD)
1Ukraine860692Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; open, with non-removable sides of a height exceeding 60cm, not self-propelled201299.21%17,681,468
2Russian Federation840130Fuel elements (cartridges); non-irradiated201299.19%535,913,717
3Russian Federation260500Cobalt ores and concentrates201299.15%37,111,046
4Russian Federation100290Cereals; rye, other than seed201294.12%64,044,350
5Ukraine860610Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; tank wagons and the like, not self-propelled201293.71%112,943,014
6Russian Federation811221Chromium and articles thereof; unwrought chromium, powders201291.05%66,821,119
7Iran091020Spices; saffron201290.26%58,178,144
8Russian Federation150790Vegetable oils; soya-bean oil and its fractions, other than crude, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified201287.83%36,145,235
9Russian Federation284420Uranium; enriched in U235, plutonium, their compounds, alloys dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing uranium enriched in U235, plutonium or compounds of these products201287.08%1,550,612,010
10Ukraine250830Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined201285.00%36,552,974
11Russian Federation740811Copper; wire, of refined copper, of which the maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 6mm201283.14%604,271,717
12Russian Federation720291Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium201282.43%60,948,579
13Russian Federation721550Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not free-cutting)201280.50%152,215,594
14Russian Federation400239Rubber; synthetic, halo-isobutene-isoprene rubber (CIIR or BIIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201279.63%172,678,181
15Russian Federation440121Wood; for fuel, in chips or particles, coniferous, whether or not agglomerated201279.03%100,826,413
16Russian Federation722619Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, other than grain-oriented201278.08%25,344,939
17Russian Federation400260Rubber; synthetic, isoprene rubber (IR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201276.98%380,541,897
18Russian Federation284390Inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, n.e.c.; amalgams201276.27%825,945,589
19Russian Federation720450Ferrous products; remelting scrap ingots201276.03%49,041,477
20Russian Federation291533Acids; saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids; n-butyl acetate201274.07%15,528,471
21Russian Federation722550Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled201273.71%21,581,092
22Russian Federation720249Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon201271.76%186,663,087
23Saudi Arabia290531Alcohols; acyclic, diols; ethylene glycol (ethanediol)201270.49%455,035,842
24Ukraine721631Iron or non-alloy steel; U sections, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded, of a height of 80mm or more201270.16%29,862,570
25Russian Federation720441Ferrous waste and scrap; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings, whether or not in bundles201269.80%142,425,614
26Russian Federation310551Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing nitrates and phosphates201269.75%84,566,182
27Russian Federation282530Vanadium oxides and hydroxides201269.69%68,963,782
28Russian Federation430180Furskins; raw, of animals n.e.c. in heading no. 4301, whole, with or without head, tail or paws (excluding goods of heading no. 4101, 4102 and 4103)201269.34%72,556,966
29Ukraine860630Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; self-discharging, not self-propelled, excluding those of item no. 8606.10201268.99%26,032,240
30Russian Federation470311Wood pulp; chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, (other than dissolving grades), unbleached, of coniferous wood201268.54%38,013,955
31Saudi Arabia290941Ether-alcohols and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; 2,2-oxydiethanol (diethylene glycol, digol)201267.92%140,889,151
32Ukraine100590Cereals; maize (corn), other than seed201266.77%1,621,592,268
33Russian Federation720827Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of less than 3mm201266.53%91,060,250
34Russian Federation680710Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch) in rolls201265.70%57,685,662
35Ukraine151211Vegetable oils; sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, crude, not chemically modified201265.65%729,708,854
36Russian Federation721123Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, cold-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon201264.63%64,737,325
37Russian Federation220860Vodka201262.83%73,766,225
38Saudi Arabia290211Cyclic hydrocarbons; cyclohexane201262.34%196,717,646
39Russian Federation740610Copper; powders of non-lamellar structure201262.22%64,745,407
40Russian Federation720826Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201262.17%25,883,101
41Saudi Arabia291532Acids; saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids; vinyl acetate201262.07%226,133,432
42Russian Federation400231Rubber; synthetic, isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber (IIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201261.41%43,778,566
43Russian Federation290723Polyphenols; 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol A, diphenylolpropane) and its salts201261.39%45,057,167
44Russian Federation720310Ferrous products; obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms201260.99%427,327,556
45Russian Federation310390Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; phosphatic, n.e.c. in heading no. 3103201259.77%20,170,316
46Russian Federation290110Acyclic hydrocarbons; saturated201259.58%800,176,159
47Russian Federation440399Wood; in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, n.e.c. in heading no. 4403201259.42%229,574,723
48Russian Federation310540Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate (monoammonium phosphate) and mixtures thereof with diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate)201258.85%187,974,958
49Ukraine270600Tar; distilled from coal, lignite or peat, and other mineral tars, whether or not dehydrated or partially distilled, including reconstituted tars201258.69%45,227,764
50Ukraine230630Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of sunflower seed oils201258.51%583,836,701
51Russian Federation230641Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of low erucic acid rape or colza seed oils201257.11%51,241,433
52Ukraine250840Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined201257.10%79,223,610
53Russian Federation440710-Coniferous201255.80%703,801,191
54Russian Federation283640Carbonates; potassium carbonate201255.67%12,936,992
55Russian Federation480421Kraft paper and paperboard; sack kraft paper, uncoated, unbleached, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803201255.60%51,057,672
56Russian Federation711590Metal; precious or metal clad with precious metal, other than that of item no. 7115.10201255.31%95,829,846
57Russian Federation292610Nitrile-function compounds; acrylonitrile201255.17%76,144,270
58Russian Federation722850Steel, alloy; bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished201254.92%181,780,008
59Russian Federation291735Acids; aromatic polycarboxylic acids; phthalic anhydride201254.53%20,137,274
60Russian Federation280300Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.201254.40%473,159,177
61Russian Federation722490Steel, alloy; semi-finished products201252.82%116,569,881
62Russian Federation230320Beet-pulp, bagasse and other waste of sugar manufacture; whether or not in the form of pellets201252.73%96,553,847
63United Arab Emirates151419Vegetable oils; low erucic acid rape or colza oil and its fractions, other than crude, but not chemically modified201252.66%13,246,028
64Russian Federation290241Cyclic hydrocarbons; o-xylene201252.33%51,107,152
65Ukraine860691Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; covered and closed, not self-propelled201252.33%43,600,767
66United Arab Emirates540490Filament, synthetic; strip and the like (e.g.. artificial straw), of synthetic textile materials of an apparent width not exceeding 5mm201252.29%32,442,173
67Russian Federation780191Lead; unwrought, unrefined, containing by weight antimony as the principal other element201252.29%31,707,469
68Russian Federation760310Aluminium; powders of non-lamellar structure201251.60%27,562,164
69Russian Federation120400Oil seeds; linseed, whether or not broken201251.40%160,701,256
70United Arab Emirates391610Ethylene polymers; monofilament, of which any cross-sectional dimension exceeds 1mm, rods, sticks and profile shapes, whether or not surface-worked but not otherwise worked201251.12%10,631,876
71Saudi Arabia390210Propylene, other olefin polymers; polypropylene in primary forms201250.76%601,146,737
72Russian Federation290124Acyclic hydrocarbons; unsaturated, buta-1,3-diene and isoprene201250.39%50,227,903
73Russian Federation480592Paper and paperboard; uncoated, weight more than 150g/m2 but less than 225 g/m2, in rolls or sheets, n.e.c. in heading no. 4805201248.89%11,833,068
74Iran080252Nuts, edible; pistachios, fresh or dried, shelled201248.84%54,793,157
75Russian Federation400220Rubber; synthetic, butadiene rubber (BR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201248.71%403,058,129
76Russian Federation750210Nickel; unwrought, not alloyed201248.56%1,541,341,221
77Ukraine860699Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; n.e.c. in heading no. 8606, not self-propelled201248.30%37,742,787
78Russian Federation283531Polyphosphates; sodium triphosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate), whether or not chemically defined201248.27%32,541,089
79Russian Federation283325Sulphates; of copper201248.23%40,667,115
80Russian Federation720110Iron; non-alloy pig iron containing by weight 0.5% or less of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms201248.21%575,472,442
81Russian Federation730210Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material; rails201248.21%12,569,783
82Russian Federation281410Ammonia; anhydrous201248.15%618,972,351
83Ukraine720711Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness201247.54%200,316,178
84Qatar271111Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; liquefied, natural gas201247.50%10,763,022,690
85Russian Federation310240Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate or other inorganic non-fertilizing substances, mixtures thereof201247.07%101,278,143
86Russian Federation721810Steel, stainless; ingots and other primary forms201245.42%20,810,092
87Russian Federation071310Vegetables, leguminous; peas (pisum sativum), shelled, whether or not skinned or split, dried201243.98%71,774,050
88Russian Federation151411Vegetable oils; low erucic acid rape or colza oil and its fractions, crude201243.69%165,797,681
89Russian Federation283526Phosphates; of calcium n.e.c. in item no. 2835.25, whether or not chemically defined201243.68%51,124,341
90Russian Federation722691Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, (excluding silicon-electrical or high speed steel), hot-rolled201243.45%12,346,128
91Saudi Arabia390120Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more201243.24%659,979,033
92Ukraine720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section201242.58%1,554,331,473
93Ukraine270710Oils and products of the distillation of high temperature coal tar; benzol (benzene)201242.35%61,872,874
94Ukraine720853Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201241.57%26,022,718
95Russian Federation441232-- Other, with at least one outer ply of non-coniferous wood201241.10%375,061,068
96Russian Federation261100Tungsten ores and concentrates201240.63%40,746,255
97Ukraine720926Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm201239.78%17,761,936
98Russian Federation310230Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium nitrate, whether or not in aqueous solution201238.95%68,098,563
99Saudi Arabia390110Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94201238.92%891,985,709
100Russian Federation271121Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; in gaseous state, natural gas201238.67%21,837,293,937
101Russian Federation720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section201238.63%1,410,060,575
102Russian Federation270111Coal; anthracite, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated201238.50%482,249,642
103Russian Federation720839Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, of a thickness of less than 3mm201238.30%375,925,702
104Russian Federation722511Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented201238.30%101,273,273
105Russian Federation720916Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm201237.54%158,094,062
106Russian Federation290516Alcohols; saturated monohydric, octanol (octyl alcohol) and isomers thereof201237.34%17,458,871
107Russian Federation271019Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; not light oils and preparations201237.24%32,009,123,889
108Russian Federation030363Fish; frozen, cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus), excluding fillets, fish meat of 0304, and edible fish offal of subheadings 0303.91 to 0303.99201236.83%106,510,763
109Russian Federation480591Paper and paperboard; uncoated, weight 150g/m2 or less, in rolls or sheets, n.e.c. in heading no.4805201236.76%10,994,510
110Russian Federation310520Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium201236.75%294,847,169
111Russian Federation721410Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, forged, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling201236.55%29,821,086
112Ukraine720852Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm201236.51%88,838,791
113Russian Federation720270Ferro-alloys; ferro-molybdenum201236.49%141,560,706
114Ukraine950611Skis; for snow201236.44%41,608,572
115Russian Federation271290Paraffin wax; containing by weight 0.75% or more of oil, obtained by synthesis or by other processes, whether or not coloured201236.22%86,379,029
116Russian Federation711021Metals; palladium, unwrought or in powder form201236.16%374,111,516
117Iran410221Skins; raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on201236.09%50,939,015
118Qatar293361Heterocyclic compounds; containing an unfused triazine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, melamine201236.09%26,434,091
119Russian Federation740329Copper; copper alloys n.e.c. in heading no. 7403 (other than master alloys of heading no. 7405)201235.99%23,023,975
120Russian Federation271012Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; light oils and preparations201235.63%6,153,811,305
121Ukraine440391Wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated201235.50%16,740,667
122Russian Federation720853Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201235.49%22,211,640
123Russian Federation250300Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur201235.40%23,612,542
124Russian Federation720917Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm201234.70%106,843,594
125Russian Federation310559Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing the two fertilizing elements nitrogen and phosphorus, other than nitrates and phosphates201234.07%17,539,242
126Russian Federation310221Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium sulphate201233.91%11,236,541
127Ukraine320611Colouring matter; pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide, containing 80% or more by weight of titanium dioxide calculated on the dry matter201233.88%107,755,974
128Saudi Arabia290919Ethers; acyclic, and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives, other than diethyl ether201233.50%356,523,563
129Ukraine100199Cereals; wheat and meslin, other than durum wheat, other than seed201233.14%479,915,089
130Russian Federation270900Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude201232.49%142,044,317,137
131Ukraine140490Vegetable products; n.e.c. in chapter 14201232.44%62,166,490
132United Arab Emirates290121Acyclic hydrocarbons; unsaturated, ethylene201232.10%201,509,143
133Ukraine120510Oil seeds; low erucic acid rape or colza seeds, whether or not broken201231.66%683,923,766
134Ukraine270111Coal; anthracite, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated201231.60%395,847,887
135Ukraine120750Oil seeds; mustard seeds, whether or not broken201231.55%17,917,487
136Bahrain761490Aluminium; stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like, (not electrically insulated), other than steel core201231.25%17,762,298
137Russian Federation740721Copper; bars, rods and profiles, of copper-zinc base alloys (brass)201230.82%26,515,035
138Russian Federation170390Sugars; molasses, from sugar beet, resulting from the extraction or refining of sugar201230.31%35,300,533
139Russian Federation740321Copper; copper-zinc base alloys (brass) unwrought201230.03%17,647,675

Partner frequency summary:

Russian Federation: 95 occurrences

Ukraine: 26 occurrences

Saudi Arabia: 8 occurrences

United Arab Emirates: 4 occurrences

Iran: 3 occurrences

Qatar: 2 occurrences

Bahrain: 1 occurrence

Critical Goods in table:

270900 - Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bi...

271012 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271019 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271111 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

271121 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

Legend:

(n)

The number in red parentheses indicates bottlenecks from countries flagged in the Danger Zone.

[n]

The number in lime square brackets indicates bottlenecks involving HS codes flagged in Critical Goods.