Trade in a Bottle: Identifying Import Bottlenecks in International Trade

Country Matrix

For 2011, the matrix below shows European Union's number of import bottlenecks for different combinations of minimum import share (%) and minimum import value (USD). Red parentheses show bottlenecks from Danger Zone countries, and lime square brackets show bottlenecks involving Critical Goods.

European Union

Year: 2011(133 in Danger Zone)[8 Critical Goods]
6-digit HS codes4-digit HS codes2-digit HS codes
Value \ Share>= 30%>= 40%>= 50%>= 60%>= 70%>= 80%>= 90%
>= 10 mln USD3295(133)[8]2311(90)[6]1642(63)[1]1076(37)[1]695(21)[1]400(15)[1]164(5)[1]
>= 50 mln USD1772(85)[8]1282(63)[6]951(43)[1]642(29)[1]422(14)[1]239(9)[1]95(2)[1]
>= 100 mln USD1168(60)[8]871(43)[6]659(24)[1]442(17)[1]298(8)[1]172(4)[1]70(1)[1]
>= 200 mln USD730(45)[8]551(33)[6]419(18)[1]285(13)[1]192(6)[1]112(3)[1]43(1)[1]
>= 500 mln USD303(27)[6]234(18)[4]182(10)122(7)84(4)49(2)14(1)
Danger ZoneCritical GoodsCritical and in Danger

Danger Zone Bottlenecks (133 records, >= 30% share, >= 10 mln USD)

#Partner HS Code HS DescriptionYearShare (%) Value (USD)
1Russian Federation260500Cobalt ores and concentrates201198.59%49,230,691
2Ukraine270810Pitch; obtained from coal tar or from other mineral tars201194.98%14,741,114
3Iran091020Spices; saffron201192.47%57,334,640
4United Arab Emirates151419Vegetable oils; low erucic acid rape or colza oil and its fractions, other than crude, but not chemically modified201191.71%37,736,927
5Russian Federation284420Uranium; enriched in U235, plutonium, their compounds, alloys dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing uranium enriched in U235, plutonium or compounds of these products201190.75%1,468,722,762
6Ukraine250830Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined201189.98%46,659,333
7Russian Federation722550Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled201188.76%54,325,144
8Russian Federation400260Rubber; synthetic, isoprene rubber (IR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201188.73%475,073,938
9Russian Federation840130Fuel elements (cartridges); non-irradiated201188.40%536,664,920
10Russian Federation290723Polyphenols; 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol A, diphenylolpropane) and its salts201188.10%64,776,345
11Russian Federation811221Chromium and articles thereof; unwrought chromium, powders201186.05%78,173,684
12Russian Federation722619Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, other than grain-oriented201186.03%30,737,791
13Russian Federation720291Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium201185.20%84,496,116
14Russian Federation100200Rye.201184.83%19,858,393
15Russian Federation440121Wood; for fuel, in chips or particles, coniferous, whether or not agglomerated201180.16%117,498,033
16Russian Federation400239Rubber; synthetic, halo-isobutene-isoprene rubber (CIIR or BIIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201179.59%168,923,551
17Russian Federation291533Acids; saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids; n-butyl acetate201178.00%22,157,389
18Saudi Arabia290211Cyclic hydrocarbons; cyclohexane201177.54%308,595,897
19Russian Federation284390Inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, n.e.c.; amalgams201174.64%673,048,120
20Russian Federation740811Copper; wire, of refined copper, of which the maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 6mm201174.32%601,027,119
21Russian Federation430180Furskins; raw, of animals n.e.c. in heading no. 4301, whole, with or without head, tail or paws (excluding goods of heading no. 4101, 4102 and 4103)201171.11%58,728,199
22Ukraine151211Vegetable oils; sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, crude, not chemically modified201169.36%594,746,839
23Saudi Arabia290941Ether-alcohols and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; 2,2-oxydiethanol (diethylene glycol, digol)201169.16%178,354,381
24Russian Federation290241Cyclic hydrocarbons; o-xylene201168.70%56,057,775
25Saudi Arabia290531Alcohols; acyclic, diols; ethylene glycol (ethanediol)201168.57%550,141,866
26Russian Federation310551Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing nitrates and phosphates201167.17%65,420,622
27Russian Federation720249Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon201166.25%213,526,979
28Russian Federation720690Iron or non-alloy steel; primary forms (excluding ingots and iron of heading no. 7203)201165.28%109,542,152
29Russian Federation740610Copper; powders of non-lamellar structure201165.22%80,390,079
30Russian Federation730511Iron or steel (excluding cast iron); line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines (not seamless), longitudinally submerged arc welded, having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mm201165.21%277,759,518
31Russian Federation290110Acyclic hydrocarbons; saturated201164.77%745,526,410
32Russian Federation721123Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, cold-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon201164.18%90,594,875
33Russian Federation680710Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch) in rolls201164.09%54,257,376
34Russian Federation721550Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not free-cutting)201162.95%224,937,776
35Russian Federation220860Vodka201162.85%67,464,131
36Ukraine230630Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of sunflower seed oils201162.52%355,711,706
37Russian Federation480592Paper and paperboard; uncoated, weight more than 150g/m2 but less than 225 g/m2, in rolls or sheets, n.e.c. in heading no. 4805201161.53%12,738,421
38Russian Federation722850Steel, alloy; bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished201159.96%308,156,192
39Russian Federation720441Ferrous waste and scrap; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings, whether or not in bundles201159.77%134,712,568
40Russian Federation480421Kraft paper and paperboard; sack kraft paper, uncoated, unbleached, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803201159.55%54,716,887
41Russian Federation400231Rubber; synthetic, isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber (IIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201158.17%50,354,177
42Ukraine250840Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined201157.51%78,607,205
43Russian Federation720450Ferrous products; remelting scrap ingots201156.99%38,591,704
44Russian Federation310540Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate (monoammonium phosphate) and mixtures thereof with diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate)201156.14%191,204,069
45Russian Federation440710-Coniferous201156.00%834,791,082
46Russian Federation281410Ammonia; anhydrous201155.41%713,999,801
47Russian Federation282530Vanadium oxides and hydroxides201155.02%53,760,631
48Ukraine860610Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; tank wagons and the like, not self-propelled201154.87%16,039,600
49Russian Federation150790Vegetable oils; soya-bean oil and its fractions, other than crude, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified201154.64%75,825,661
50Russian Federation722691Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, (excluding silicon-electrical or high speed steel), hot-rolled201154.07%24,766,337
51Russian Federation470311Wood pulp; chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, (other than dissolving grades), unbleached, of coniferous wood201153.74%28,720,087
52Russian Federation284590Isotopes other than those of heading no. 2844, 2845.20, 2845.30 or 2845.40; compounds, inorganic or organic, of such isotopes, whether or not chemically defined201153.61%46,860,900
53Russian Federation283526Phosphates; of calcium n.e.c. in item no. 2835.25, whether or not chemically defined201152.72%50,673,884
54Russian Federation283525Phosphates; calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate), whether or not chemically defined201152.28%18,391,968
55Russian Federation720410Ferrous waste and scrap; of cast iron201152.22%19,383,517
56Russian Federation760310Aluminium; powders of non-lamellar structure201151.64%37,842,181
57United Arab Emirates540490Filament, synthetic; strip and the like (e.g.. artificial straw), of synthetic textile materials of an apparent width not exceeding 5mm201151.59%37,308,121
58Russian Federation290124Acyclic hydrocarbons; unsaturated, buta-1,3-diene and isoprene201151.46%67,417,597
59Russian Federation261100Tungsten ores and concentrates201151.20%43,960,414
60United Arab Emirates391610Ethylene polymers; monofilament, of which any cross-sectional dimension exceeds 1mm, rods, sticks and profile shapes, whether or not surface-worked but not otherwise worked201150.44%11,610,016
61Ukraine720711Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness201150.42%562,004,444
62Russian Federation400220Rubber; synthetic, butadiene rubber (BR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip201150.39%482,589,943
63Russian Federation730590Iron or steel (excluding cast iron); tubes and pipes n.e.c. in heading no. 7305, having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mm, (not seamless)201150.21%11,353,811
64Russian Federation440399Wood; in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, n.e.c. in heading no. 4403201149.61%226,681,818
65Qatar271111Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; liquefied, natural gas201149.56%14,632,876,145
66Russian Federation720110Iron; non-alloy pig iron containing by weight 0.5% or less of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms201148.86%766,085,340
67Qatar271119Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; liquefied, n.e.c. in heading no. 2711201147.50%224,771,162
68Saudi Arabia390210Propylene, other olefin polymers; polypropylene in primary forms201147.24%573,693,252
69Russian Federation230641Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of low erucic acid rape or colza seed oils201147.13%20,109,910
70Russian Federation280300Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.201147.07%441,484,548
71Russian Federation310390Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; phosphatic, n.e.c. in heading no. 3103201146.32%11,428,395
72Russian Federation271011-- Light oils and preparations201146.19%7,163,998,352
73Russian Federation720827Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of less than 3mm201145.89%122,799,752
74Russian Federation730210Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material; rails201145.47%16,067,253
75Russian Federation720310Ferrous products; obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms201145.06%366,327,955
76Ukraine721391Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.c. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter201144.79%260,823,220
77Russian Federation271121Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; in gaseous state, natural gas201144.41%23,025,110,243
78Russian Federation441232-- Other, with at least one outer ply of non-coniferous wood201144.07%449,671,439
79Russian Federation720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section201143.89%2,054,926,790
80Russian Federation292610Nitrile-function compounds; acrylonitrile201143.55%98,754,434
81Russian Federation291735Acids; aromatic polycarboxylic acids; phthalic anhydride201142.63%12,816,218
82Russian Federation750210Nickel; unwrought, not alloyed201141.65%675,539,802
83Russian Federation310240Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate or other inorganic non-fertilizing substances, mixtures thereof201141.64%114,031,480
84Ukraine720851Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness exceeding 10mm201141.44%599,007,503
85Russian Federation310520Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium201141.26%341,210,680
86Ukraine270600Tar; distilled from coal, lignite or peat, and other mineral tars, whether or not dehydrated or partially distilled, including reconstituted tars201141.25%14,115,833
87Ukraine720927Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness of 0.5mm or more but not exceeding 1mm201141.13%12,037,399
88Russian Federation722511Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented201140.76%116,441,357
89Syria090930- Seeds of cumin201140.59%13,876,839
90Ukraine720852Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 4.75mm or more but not exceeding 10mm201140.24%153,859,441
91Russian Federation750220Nickel; unwrought, alloys201139.55%139,879,680
92Russian Federation030352-- Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus)201139.39%117,540,108
93Russian Federation283325Sulphates; of copper201139.35%38,556,102
94Ukraine950611Skis; for snow201139.08%58,220,693
95Ukraine720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section201138.35%1,795,510,336
96Russian Federation780191Lead; unwrought, unrefined, containing by weight antimony as the principal other element201138.28%30,484,113
97Russian Federation271019Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; not light oils and preparations201138.04%34,178,283,892
98Ukraine120750Oil seeds; mustard seeds, whether or not broken201137.94%21,925,406
99Qatar293361Heterocyclic compounds; containing an unfused triazine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, melamine201137.77%45,890,491
100Saudi Arabia290250Cyclic hydrocarbons; styrene201137.11%249,863,192
101Saudi Arabia390110Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94201136.96%903,224,682
102United Arab Emirates151411Vegetable oils; low erucic acid rape or colza oil and its fractions, crude201136.70%286,980,342
103Russian Federation310221Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium sulphate201136.50%16,746,805
104Russian Federation271290Paraffin wax; containing by weight 0.75% or more of oil, obtained by synthesis or by other processes, whether or not coloured201136.37%106,391,846
105Russian Federation250300Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur201136.37%28,390,655
106Bahrain761490Aluminium; stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like, (not electrically insulated), other than steel core201136.18%19,230,707
107Saudi Arabia390120Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more201136.11%614,261,407
108Ukraine720853Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201135.83%27,629,169
109Ukraine440391Wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated201135.80%19,921,591
110Iran410221Skins; raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on201135.56%50,045,463
111Russian Federation721410Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, forged, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling201135.52%31,922,055
112Ukraine100590Cereals; maize (corn), other than seed201134.95%765,421,520
113Iran080250- Pistachios201134.94%195,318,485
114Russian Federation711021Metals; palladium, unwrought or in powder form201134.57%593,883,441
115Ukraine310221Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium sulphate201134.13%15,661,219
116Ukraine270111Coal; anthracite, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated201134.12%568,694,991
117Russian Federation120400Oil seeds; linseed, whether or not broken201134.07%103,069,685
118Russian Federation270900Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude201133.72%139,641,626,857
119Ukraine120510Oil seeds; low erucic acid rape or colza seeds, whether or not broken201133.40%605,736,085
120Ukraine270710Oils and products of the distillation of high temperature coal tar; benzol (benzene)201133.33%63,965,041
121Russian Federation720826Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201133.15%40,073,389
122Ukraine720926Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled, of a thickness exceeding 1mm but less than 3mm201132.81%22,299,495
123Russian Federation720853Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of 3mm or more but less than 4.75mm201132.40%24,983,512
124Russian Federation441300Wood; densified wood, in blocks, plates, strips or profile shapes201131.82%13,562,146
125Russian Federation271320Petroleum bitumen; obtained from bituminous minerals201131.41%43,665,134
126Russian Federation283531Polyphosphates; sodium triphosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate), whether or not chemically defined201131.36%23,049,736
127Russian Federation860699Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; n.e.c. in heading no. 8606, not self-propelled201131.09%14,796,425
128Russian Federation230320Beet-pulp, bagasse and other waste of sugar manufacture; whether or not in the form of pellets201130.96%54,242,779
129Russian Federation890590Vessels; light, fire-floats, floating cranes and other vessels, the navigability of which is subsidiary to their main function, floating docks201130.91%40,153,280
130Russian Federation390910Amino-resins; urea and thiourea resins, in primary forms201130.78%17,725,443
131Russian Federation310420Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; potassic, potassium chloride201130.44%337,893,150
132Russian Federation310230Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium nitrate, whether or not in aqueous solution201130.28%50,857,960
133Ukraine350110Casein201130.26%49,421,501

Partner frequency summary:

Russian Federation: 90 occurrences

Ukraine: 24 occurrences

Saudi Arabia: 7 occurrences

United Arab Emirates: 4 occurrences

Iran: 3 occurrences

Qatar: 3 occurrences

Syria: 1 occurrence

Bahrain: 1 occurrence

Critical Goods in table:

270900 - Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bi...

271011 - -- Light oils and preparations

271019 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271111 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

271119 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

271121 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

Legend:

(n)

The number in red parentheses indicates bottlenecks from countries flagged in the Danger Zone.

[n]

The number in lime square brackets indicates bottlenecks involving HS codes flagged in Critical Goods.