Trade in a Bottle: Identifying Import Bottlenecks in International Trade

Country Matrix

For 2008, the matrix below shows European Union's number of import bottlenecks for different combinations of minimum import share (%) and minimum import value (USD). Red parentheses show bottlenecks from Danger Zone countries, and lime square brackets show bottlenecks involving Critical Goods.

European Union

Year: 2008(130 in Danger Zone)[10 Critical Goods]
Value \ Share>= 30%>= 40%>= 50%>= 60%>= 70%>= 80%>= 90%
>= 10 mln USD3322(130)[10]2342(90)[4]1629(64)[2]1068(43)[2]633(25)[2]378(18)[2]139(5)[1]
>= 50 mln USD1761(82)[9]1273(53)[3]926(40)[1]598(26)[1]375(17)[1]227(12)[1]80(3)
>= 100 mln USD1154(59)[9]854(37)[3]620(26)[1]411(15)[1]269(10)[1]169(6)[1]66(1)
>= 200 mln USD703(49)[8]528(31)[2]392(21)264(11)177(9)113(6)37(1)
>= 500 mln USD286(22)[6]222(13)[2]164(7)112(4)76(3)47(2)18(1)

Danger Zone Bottlenecks (130 records, >= 30% share, >= 10 mln USD)

#Partner HS Code HS DescriptionYearShare (%) Value (USD)
1Iran091020Spices; saffron200897.53%82,554,188
2Ukraine250830Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined200893.89%82,395,722
3Ukraine260120Iron pyrites; roasted200893.58%27,994,585
4Russian Federation284420Uranium; enriched in U235, plutonium, their compounds, alloys dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing uranium enriched in U235, plutonium or compounds of these products200891.48%1,547,505,572
5Ukraine860630Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; self-discharging, not self-propelled, excluding those of item no. 8606.10200891.21%15,779,661
6Russian Federation400260Rubber; synthetic, isoprene rubber (IR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip200889.72%208,222,837
7Russian Federation290110Acyclic hydrocarbons; saturated200887.25%466,878,697
8Russian Federation721550Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not free-cutting)200886.03%404,230,853
9Ukraine120510Oil seeds; low erucic acid rape or colza seeds, whether or not broken200885.99%1,129,925,717
10Russian Federation291030Epoxides, epoxyalcohols, epoxyphenols and epoxyethers; with a three-membered ring and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane (epichlorohydrin)200884.28%40,198,339
11Russian Federation722619Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, other than grain-oriented200884.23%46,882,036
12Russian Federation722691Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, (excluding silicon-electrical or high speed steel), hot-rolled200883.52%54,415,403
13Russian Federation480421Kraft paper and paperboard; sack kraft paper, uncoated, unbleached, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803200883.46%58,777,007
14Russian Federation722550Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled200882.95%65,615,898
15Russian Federation151419Vegetable oils; low erucic acid rape or colza oil and its fractions, other than crude, but not chemically modified200882.40%29,704,477
16Ukraine270810Pitch; obtained from coal tar or from other mineral tars200882.27%15,765,911
17Russian Federation400239Rubber; synthetic, halo-isobutene-isoprene rubber (CIIR or BIIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip200882.18%56,372,300
18Russian Federation721123Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, cold-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon200881.12%223,660,307
19Russian Federation291533Acids; saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids; n-butyl acetate200877.47%16,540,836
20Russian Federation282530Vanadium oxides and hydroxides200877.40%123,171,011
21Russian Federation440121Wood; for fuel, in chips or particles, coniferous, whether or not agglomerated200876.19%67,869,420
22Russian Federation811221Chromium and articles thereof; unwrought chromium, powders200874.29%45,031,494
23Saudi Arabia290211Cyclic hydrocarbons; cyclohexane200872.66%371,593,439
24Russian Federation720441Ferrous waste and scrap; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings, whether or not in bundles200872.64%255,079,997
25Russian Federation440399Wood; in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, n.e.c. in heading no. 4403200872.02%736,442,524
26Russian Federation740610Copper; powders of non-lamellar structure200869.61%72,327,934
27Ukraine721190Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, n.e.c. in heading no. 7211, width less than 600mm200869.49%26,033,414
28Russian Federation400231Rubber; synthetic, isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber (IIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip200868.69%43,990,849
29Russian Federation290241Cyclic hydrocarbons; o-xylene200868.29%72,102,725
30Russian Federation860390Railway or tramway coaches, vans and trucks; self-propelled, powered other than from an external source of electricity (excluding those of heading no. 8604)200868.18%16,743,513
31Ukraine261800Slag, granulated (slag sand); from the manufacture or iron or steel200867.99%19,613,080
32Russian Federation310390Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; phosphatic, n.e.c. in heading no. 3103200867.97%51,319,992
33Saudi Arabia290941Ether-alcohols and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; 2,2-oxydiethanol (diethylene glycol, digol)200867.85%131,635,676
34Russian Federation720690Iron or non-alloy steel; primary forms (excluding ingots and iron of heading no. 7203)200867.68%45,657,621
35Russian Federation290723Polyphenols; 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol A, diphenylolpropane) and its salts200867.24%27,137,090
36Russian Federation840130Fuel elements (cartridges); non-irradiated200866.91%193,598,961
37Russian Federation260500Cobalt ores and concentrates200866.84%141,440,204
38Russian Federation220860Vodka200866.19%74,571,552
39Ukraine720610Iron or non-alloy steel; ingots (excluding iron of heading no. 7203)200864.14%46,309,728
40Russian Federation680710Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch) in rolls200862.36%43,062,940
41Russian Federation860691Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; covered and closed, not self-propelled200860.82%20,157,903
42Russian Federation740811Copper; wire, of refined copper, of which the maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 6mm200860.73%396,470,906
43Russian Federation720110Iron; non-alloy pig iron containing by weight 0.5% or less of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms200860.25%1,574,672,872
44United Arab Emirates540490Filament, synthetic; strip and the like (e.g.. artificial straw), of synthetic textile materials of an apparent width not exceeding 5mm200859.04%46,343,815
45Russian Federation310240Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate or other inorganic non-fertilizing substances, mixtures thereof200856.45%82,259,951
46Russian Federation310221Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium sulphate200856.18%54,858,011
47Russian Federation750210Nickel; unwrought, not alloyed200855.87%1,106,223,016
48Russian Federation430180Furskins; raw, of animals n.e.c. in heading no. 4301, whole, with or without head, tail or paws (excluding goods of heading no. 4101, 4102 and 4103)200855.31%36,485,438
49Russian Federation440320-Other, coniferous200855.17%320,155,272
50Russian Federation440710-Coniferous200854.99%915,662,640
51Russian Federation711019Metals; platinum, semi-manufactured200854.97%422,834,957
52Saudi Arabia290531Alcohols; acyclic, diols; ethylene glycol (ethanediol)200854.47%243,066,216
53Russian Federation310551Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing nitrates and phosphates200853.90%21,920,480
54Russian Federation310540Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate (monoammonium phosphate) and mixtures thereof with diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate)200852.90%224,170,159
55Russian Federation720291Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium200852.60%37,374,308
56Ukraine291712Acids; acyclic polycarboxylic acids; adipic acid, its salts and esters200852.59%29,650,732
57Russian Federation722850Steel, alloy; bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished200852.45%317,261,757
58Ukraine250840Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined200852.43%83,314,037
59United Arab Emirates391610Ethylene polymers; monofilament, of which any cross-sectional dimension exceeds 1mm, rods, sticks and profile shapes, whether or not surface-worked but not otherwise worked200852.02%10,291,833
60Russian Federation720310Ferrous products; obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms200851.33%383,219,919
61Russian Federation860500Railway or tramway coaches; passenger coaches, luggage vans, post office coaches and other special purpose railway or tramway coaches, not self-propelled (excluding those of heading no. 8604)200851.09%27,548,337
62United Arab Emirates151411Vegetable oils; low erucic acid rape or colza oil and its fractions, crude200851.03%254,052,408
63Russian Federation281410Ammonia; anhydrous200850.84%648,415,614
64Ukraine860719Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock; parts, axles and wheels, and parts thereof200850.82%121,971,678
65Saudi Arabia390110Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94200848.73%1,068,823,228
66Russian Federation730210Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material; rails200848.65%19,347,404
67Ukraine860699Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; n.e.c. in heading no. 8606, not self-propelled200848.24%39,628,964
68Russian Federation722511Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented200848.14%201,647,412
69Russian Federation760310Aluminium; powders of non-lamellar structure200848.14%32,399,693
70Russian Federation283325Sulphates; of copper200847.37%40,624,942
71Russian Federation280300Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.200847.35%273,524,044
72Russian Federation720410Ferrous waste and scrap; of cast iron200846.40%31,406,426
73Russian Federation283531Polyphosphates; sodium triphosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate), whether or not chemically defined200846.28%43,189,854
74Russian Federation283640Carbonates; potassium carbonate200846.23%10,784,281
75Russian Federation780191Lead; unwrought, unrefined, containing by weight antimony as the principal other element200844.70%31,785,577
76Russian Federation470311Wood pulp; chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, (other than dissolving grades), unbleached, of coniferous wood200844.45%32,346,773
77Russian Federation271290Paraffin wax; containing by weight 0.75% or more of oil, obtained by synthesis or by other processes, whether or not coloured200843.80%105,937,334
78Ukraine120590Oil seeds; rape or colza seeds, other than low erucic, whether or not broken200843.63%11,125,485
79Ukraine720854Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of less than 3mm200843.56%11,228,112
80Russian Federation720249Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon200843.05%326,386,089
81Russian Federation271011-- Light oils and preparations200842.02%4,855,814,806
82Russian Federation290250Cyclic hydrocarbons; styrene200841.98%284,951,104
83Ukraine720711Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness200841.78%796,565,629
84Ukraine151211Vegetable oils; sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, crude, not chemically modified200841.77%588,985,541
85Ukraine560110- Sanitary towels and tampons, napkins and napkin liners for babies and similar sanitary articles, of wadding200841.74%21,696,597
86Russian Federation271121Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; in gaseous state, natural gas200841.27%17,261,927,573
87Russian Federation720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section200841.13%1,931,862,811
88Russian Federation720429Ferrous waste and scrap; of alloy steel (excluding stainless)200840.65%91,877,469
89Iran410221Skins; raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on200840.56%64,450,873
90Russian Federation281990Chromium oxides and hydroxides; excluding chromium trioxide200840.07%18,349,952
91Russian Federation271320Petroleum bitumen; obtained from bituminous minerals200839.53%57,201,265
92Russian Federation441232-- Other, with at least one outer ply of non-coniferous wood200839.11%407,907,074
93Russian Federation310520Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium200838.80%436,759,169
94Ukraine100300Barley.200838.45%66,803,353
95Ukraine720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section200837.94%1,781,933,434
96Russian Federation310420Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; potassic, potassium chloride200837.72%563,297,796
97Russian Federation030352-- Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus)200837.60%145,712,916
98Ukraine100190- Other200837.40%698,116,508
99Russian Federation310210Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, urea, whether or not in aqueous solution200837.17%569,873,162
100Ukraine151219Vegetable oils; sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, other than crude, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified200837.10%39,048,802
101Russian Federation271119Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; liquefied, n.e.c. in heading no. 2711200837.05%368,385,129
102Iran080250- Pistachios200837.01%187,438,041
103Ukraine320611Colouring matter; pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide, containing 80% or more by weight of titanium dioxide calculated on the dry matter200836.18%56,607,840
104Ukraine440391Wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated200835.75%27,402,339
105Russian Federation291735Acids; aromatic polycarboxylic acids; phthalic anhydride200835.64%16,120,835
106Russian Federation720711Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness200835.32%673,451,724
107Russian Federation400220Rubber; synthetic, butadiene rubber (BR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip200835.31%226,012,227
108Russian Federation720827Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of less than 3mm200835.07%114,650,301
109Ukraine950611Skis; for snow200835.02%32,459,923
110Russian Federation711021Metals; palladium, unwrought or in powder form200834.57%249,097,982
111Russian Federation271019Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; not light oils and preparations200834.14%25,098,001,964
112Russian Federation261100Tungsten ores and concentrates200833.72%17,696,400
113Russian Federation270210Lignite; whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, excluding jet200833.49%30,389,227
114Russian Federation230320Beet-pulp, bagasse and other waste of sugar manufacture; whether or not in the form of pellets200833.26%34,731,939
115Russian Federation730511Iron or steel (excluding cast iron); line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines (not seamless), longitudinally submerged arc welded, having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mm200833.10%63,740,275
116Russian Federation251020Natural calcium phosphates, natural aluminium calcium phosphates and phosphatic chalk; ground200832.39%313,991,670
117Saudi Arabia390120Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more200832.29%443,241,015
118Russian Federation720421Ferrous waste and scrap; of stainless steel200832.00%529,572,947
119Russian Federation270111Coal; anthracite, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated200831.90%542,614,478
120Russian Federation250300Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur200831.83%57,709,216
121Russian Federation290123Acyclic hydrocarbons; unsaturated, butene (butylene) and isomers thereof200831.74%22,028,826
122Syria410510Tanned or crust skins of sheep or lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet-blue)200831.72%30,920,183
123Russian Federation720449Ferrous waste and scrap; n.e.c. in heading no. 7204200831.16%472,443,937
124Saudi Arabia290919Ethers; acyclic, and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives, other than diethyl ether200831.06%421,646,073
125Russian Federation480419Kraft paper and paperboard; kraftliner, uncoated, bleached, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803200830.84%66,802,999
126Russian Federation480431Kraft paper and paperboard; uncoated, unbleached, weight 150g/m2 or less, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803200830.79%15,665,199
127Russian Federation721410Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, forged, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling200830.48%69,209,342
128Russian Federation270900Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude200830.47%124,258,706,613
129United Arab Emirates010110- Pure-bred breeding animals200830.26%102,685,315
130Russian Federation730590Iron or steel (excluding cast iron); tubes and pipes n.e.c. in heading no. 7305, having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mm, (not seamless)200830.26%16,921,122

Partner frequency summary:

Russian Federation: 92 occurrences

Ukraine: 24 occurrences

Saudi Arabia: 6 occurrences

United Arab Emirates: 4 occurrences

Iran: 3 occurrences

Syria: 1 occurrence

Critical Goods in table:

270900 - Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bi...

271011 - -- Light oils and preparations

271019 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271119 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

271121 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

Legend:

(n)

The number in red parentheses indicates bottlenecks from countries flagged in the Danger Zone.

[n]

The number in lime square brackets indicates bottlenecks involving HS codes flagged in Critical Goods.