Trade in a Bottle: Identifying Import Bottlenecks in International Trade

Country Matrix

For 2007, the matrix below shows European Union's number of import bottlenecks for different combinations of minimum import share (%) and minimum import value (USD). Red parentheses show bottlenecks from Danger Zone countries, and lime square brackets show bottlenecks involving Critical Goods.

European Union

Year: 2007(124 in Danger Zone)[9 Critical Goods]
6-digit HS codes4-digit HS codes2-digit HS codes
Value \ Share>= 30%>= 40%>= 50%>= 60%>= 70%>= 80%>= 90%
>= 10 mln USD3242(124)[9]2306(88)[5]1631(57)[2]1045(39)[1]636(24)[1]355(10)[1]135(5)
>= 50 mln USD1626(64)[9]1203(44)[5]880(28)[2]578(17)[1]358(9)[1]212(6)[1]81(2)
>= 100 mln USD1068(50)[9]810(35)[5]599(21)[2]406(13)[1]256(7)[1]156(4)[1]57(1)
>= 200 mln USD654(35)[9]507(24)[5]380(13)[2]260(8)[1]173(4)[1]103(3)[1]35(1)
>= 500 mln USD250(17)[7]193(12)[4]145(6)[1]102(4)64(1)42(1)16(1)
Danger ZoneCritical GoodsCritical and in Danger

Danger Zone Bottlenecks (124 records, >= 30% share, >= 10 mln USD)

#Partner HS Code HS DescriptionYearShare (%) Value (USD)
1Iran091020Spices; saffron200797.80%48,250,371
2Russian Federation284420Uranium; enriched in U235, plutonium, their compounds, alloys dispersions (including cermets), ceramic products and mixtures containing uranium enriched in U235, plutonium or compounds of these products200794.37%1,368,997,437
3Ukraine250830Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); fireclay, whether or not calcined200792.60%88,476,568
4Russian Federation480421Kraft paper and paperboard; sack kraft paper, uncoated, unbleached, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803200791.35%39,760,301
5Russian Federation100200Rye.200790.90%20,835,482
6Russian Federation722619Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, other than grain-oriented200789.40%48,174,421
7Russian Federation722550Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, cold-rolled200789.25%77,490,765
8Ukraine120510Oil seeds; low erucic acid rape or colza seeds, whether or not broken200780.95%181,922,729
9Russian Federation721123Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, cold-rolled, of a width less than 600mm, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon200780.91%252,793,992
10Russian Federation721550Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, cold-formed or cold-finished, (not free-cutting)200780.56%373,540,602
11Russian Federation291030Epoxides, epoxyalcohols, epoxyphenols and epoxyethers; with a three-membered ring and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane (epichlorohydrin)200779.41%34,412,137
12Russian Federation480592Paper and paperboard; uncoated, weight more than 150g/m2 but less than 225 g/m2, in rolls or sheets, n.e.c. in heading no. 4805200779.15%14,162,534
13Ukraine270810Pitch; obtained from coal tar or from other mineral tars200777.24%15,431,498
14Ukraine261800Slag, granulated (slag sand); from the manufacture or iron or steel200776.28%17,650,462
15Russian Federation400260Rubber; synthetic, isoprene rubber (IR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip200776.10%118,434,255
16Russian Federation291533Acids; saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids; n-butyl acetate200775.12%19,979,887
17Russian Federation722691Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, (excluding silicon-electrical or high speed steel), hot-rolled200774.62%26,366,544
18Russian Federation811221Chromium and articles thereof; unwrought chromium, powders200774.52%36,385,180
19Russian Federation310390Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; phosphatic, n.e.c. in heading no. 3103200772.88%22,150,496
20Russian Federation290110Acyclic hydrocarbons; saturated200772.65%170,596,447
21Ukraine260120Iron pyrites; roasted200771.90%42,232,597
22Saudi Arabia290211Cyclic hydrocarbons; cyclohexane200771.12%299,812,201
23Russian Federation400239Rubber; synthetic, halo-isobutene-isoprene rubber (CIIR or BIIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip200770.42%24,568,015
24Russian Federation440121Wood; for fuel, in chips or particles, coniferous, whether or not agglomerated200770.06%44,901,129
25Ukraine151211Vegetable oils; sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, crude, not chemically modified200769.24%642,087,155
26Russian Federation760320Aluminium; powders of lamellar structure, flakes200768.99%10,373,262
27Russian Federation680710Asphalt or similar material; articles (e.g. petroleum bitumen or coal tar pitch) in rolls200768.10%42,966,370
28Russian Federation310221Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, ammonium sulphate200767.58%17,014,005
29Saudi Arabia290941Ether-alcohols and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives; 2,2-oxydiethanol (diethylene glycol, digol)200766.67%120,932,677
30Russian Federation440320-Other, coniferous200765.30%527,987,449
31Russian Federation290241Cyclic hydrocarbons; o-xylene200765.15%74,190,386
32Saudi Arabia290531Alcohols; acyclic, diols; ethylene glycol (ethanediol)200764.33%248,630,033
33Russian Federation730210Iron or steel, railway or tramway track construction material; rails200763.50%18,848,389
34Russian Federation290315Saturated chlorinated derivatives of acyclic hydrocarbons; ethylene dichloride (ISO) (1,2-dichloroethane)200762.81%10,272,832
35Russian Federation310240Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate or other inorganic non-fertilizing substances, mixtures thereof200762.60%50,176,567
36Russian Federation220860Vodka200762.52%49,342,708
37Russian Federation720441Ferrous waste and scrap; turnings, shavings, chips, milling waste, sawdust, filings, trimmings and stampings, whether or not in bundles200761.55%152,696,687
38Russian Federation440710-Coniferous200760.67%1,504,944,154
39Russian Federation470311Wood pulp; chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, (other than dissolving grades), unbleached, of coniferous wood200760.66%32,142,402
40Russian Federation310540Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate (monoammonium phosphate) and mixtures thereof with diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate)200759.37%210,333,517
41Russian Federation283640Carbonates; potassium carbonate200758.02%13,917,655
42Ukraine721190Iron or non-alloy steel; flat-rolled, n.e.c. in heading no. 7211, width less than 600mm200757.42%17,800,524
43Russian Federation440399Wood; in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, n.e.c. in heading no. 4403200757.30%557,054,592
44Russian Federation840130Fuel elements (cartridges); non-irradiated200755.28%164,172,056
45Russian Federation722850Steel, alloy; bars and rods, cold-formed or cold-finished200754.96%308,550,498
46Russian Federation750210Nickel; unwrought, not alloyed200754.35%2,066,644,094
47Russian Federation281990Chromium oxides and hydroxides; excluding chromium trioxide200754.25%15,807,406
48Russian Federation400231Rubber; synthetic, isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber (IIR), in primary forms or in plates, sheets or strip200754.08%18,085,580
49Russian Federation740811Copper; wire, of refined copper, of which the maximum cross-sectional dimension exceeds 6mm200754.01%455,962,567
50Russian Federation720249Ferro-alloys; ferro-chromium, containing by weight 4% or less of carbon200753.55%178,112,819
51United Arab Emirates540490Filament, synthetic; strip and the like (e.g.. artificial straw), of synthetic textile materials of an apparent width not exceeding 5mm200753.16%39,123,185
52Russian Federation282530Vanadium oxides and hydroxides200751.73%39,269,596
53Russian Federation430180Furskins; raw, of animals n.e.c. in heading no. 4301, whole, with or without head, tail or paws (excluding goods of heading no. 4101, 4102 and 4103)200751.68%33,286,813
54Russian Federation722511Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width 600mm or more, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented200750.98%183,258,339
55Russian Federation720291Ferro-alloys; ferro-titanium and ferro-silico-titanium200750.20%50,633,050
56Russian Federation740610Copper; powders of non-lamellar structure200750.12%58,259,703
57Ukraine860719Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock; parts, axles and wheels, and parts thereof200750.03%75,311,896
58Ukraine860699Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons; n.e.c. in heading no. 8606, not self-propelled200749.80%24,177,589
59Russian Federation260500Cobalt ores and concentrates200748.95%55,772,835
60Russian Federation281410Ammonia; anhydrous200748.40%349,498,873
61Russian Federation720110Iron; non-alloy pig iron containing by weight 0.5% or less of phosphorus, in pigs, blocks or other primary forms200748.01%830,811,556
62Ukraine250840Clays (excluding expanded clays of heading no. 6806); n.e.c. in heading no. 2508, whether or not calcined200747.94%67,703,808
63Ukraine721810Steel, stainless; ingots and other primary forms200747.65%32,305,595
64Saudi Arabia390110Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94200747.52%906,192,609
65Ukraine720610Iron or non-alloy steel; ingots (excluding iron of heading no. 7203)200746.33%36,082,093
66Russian Federation100300Barley.200746.23%15,132,089
67Russian Federation283325Sulphates; of copper200745.71%39,069,971
68Russian Federation760310Aluminium; powders of non-lamellar structure200745.48%28,008,726
69Russian Federation310210Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; nitrogenous, urea, whether or not in aqueous solution200745.36%419,781,403
70Ukraine720854Iron or non-alloy steel; (not in coils), flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, without patterns in relief, of a thickness of less than 3mm200745.00%11,054,988
71Russian Federation284390Inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, n.e.c.; amalgams200744.97%160,675,222
72Russian Federation720719Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel, containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, other than rectangular or square cross-section200744.73%49,933,472
73Russian Federation711019Metals; platinum, semi-manufactured200744.34%213,289,946
74Russian Federation720712Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (other than square) cross-section200744.10%1,481,172,881
75Russian Federation271019Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, not crude, not waste oils; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; not light oils and preparations200744.05%21,437,038,534
76Russian Federation290124Acyclic hydrocarbons; unsaturated, buta-1,3-diene and isoprene200743.99%34,719,697
77Russian Federation271011-- Light oils and preparations200743.74%5,330,059,742
78Russian Federation730590Iron or steel (excluding cast iron); tubes and pipes n.e.c. in heading no. 7305, having circular cross-sections, external diameter exceeds 406.4mm, (not seamless)200743.43%16,396,771
79Russian Federation030352-- Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus)200743.12%180,966,251
80Russian Federation780191Lead; unwrought, unrefined, containing by weight antimony as the principal other element200743.03%42,877,000
81Ukraine291712Acids; acyclic polycarboxylic acids; adipic acid, its salts and esters200742.55%25,875,688
82Ukraine560110- Sanitary towels and tampons, napkins and napkin liners for babies and similar sanitary articles, of wadding200742.17%23,496,206
83Iran080250- Pistachios200741.92%202,760,626
84Russian Federation722860Steel, alloy; bars and rods n.e.c. in heading no. 7228200741.75%35,258,058
85Ukraine720711Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness200741.34%699,590,211
86Russian Federation250300Sulphur of all kinds; other than sublimed, precipitated and colloidal sulphur200741.25%12,531,302
87Russian Federation280300Carbon; carbon blacks and other forms of carbon n.e.c.200740.79%179,748,827
88Russian Federation441232-- Other, with at least one outer ply of non-coniferous wood200740.00%450,864,085
89Russian Federation721590Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, n.e.c. in chapter 72, n.e.c. in heading no. 7215200739.89%29,398,181
90Ukraine270600Tar; distilled from coal, lignite or peat, and other mineral tars, whether or not dehydrated or partially distilled, including reconstituted tars200739.80%11,661,162
91Russian Federation722611Steel, alloy; flat-rolled, width less than 600mm, of silicon-electrical steel, grain-oriented200739.48%11,237,927
92Russian Federation720310Ferrous products; obtained by direct reduction of iron ore, in lumps, pellets or similar forms200739.35%181,361,576
93Russian Federation270210Lignite; whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, excluding jet200738.65%20,845,966
94Russian Federation271119Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons; liquefied, n.e.c. in heading no. 2711200738.55%331,312,959
95Russian Federation720449Ferrous waste and scrap; n.e.c. in heading no. 7204200738.50%436,177,104
96Russian Federation290250Cyclic hydrocarbons; styrene200738.27%293,798,297
97Russian Federation310520Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium200737.69%208,534,069
98Russian Federation380300Chemical products; tall oil, whether or not refined200737.08%12,197,464
99Russian Federation750300Nickel; waste and scrap200737.05%102,677,770
100Iran410221Skins; raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on200736.49%60,648,379
101Russian Federation721410Iron or non-alloy steel; bars and rods, forged, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, but including those twisted after rolling200736.35%84,480,329
102Ukraine230630Oil-cake and other solid residues; whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of sunflower seed oils200736.31%105,772,377
103Ukraine440391Wood; oak, in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated200736.18%29,353,078
104Saudi Arabia290919Ethers; acyclic, and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives, other than diethyl ether200735.66%569,251,150
105Russian Federation310420Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; potassic, potassium chloride200735.27%223,146,802
106Saudi Arabia390120Ethylene polymers; in primary forms, polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more200735.19%563,734,607
107United Arab Emirates010190Mules and hinnies; live200734.95%15,530,679
108Russian Federation720827Iron or non-alloy steel; in coils, without patterns in relief, flat-rolled, of a width 600mm or more, hot-rolled, pickled, of a thickness of less than 3mm200734.24%105,624,662
109Russian Federation271320Petroleum bitumen; obtained from bituminous minerals200734.23%35,439,021
110Russian Federation310590Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; n.e.c. in heading no. 3105200734.16%11,552,718
111Ukraine950611Skis; for snow200733.52%30,681,320
112Russian Federation750400Nickel; powders and flakes200733.44%62,395,149
113Russian Federation890200Fishing vessels, factory ships and other vessels; for processing or preserving fishery products200733.42%21,217,085
114Russian Federation720292Ferro-alloys; ferro-vanadium200732.94%79,420,584
115Russian Federation720421Ferrous waste and scrap; of stainless steel200732.60%865,745,917
116Russian Federation720711Iron or non-alloy steel; semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel; containing by weight less than 0.25% of carbon, of rectangular (including square) cross-section, width less than twice thickness200732.60%551,643,006
117Russian Federation720610Iron or non-alloy steel; ingots (excluding iron of heading no. 7203)200732.49%25,303,942
118Russian Federation270111Coal; anthracite, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated200732.24%322,943,943
119Russian Federation480431Kraft paper and paperboard; uncoated, unbleached, weight 150g/m2 or less, in rolls or sheets, other than that of heading no. 4802 or 4803200731.75%11,333,815
120Syria410510Tanned or crust skins of sheep or lambs, without wool on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet-blue)200731.67%37,493,763
121Ukraine151219Vegetable oils; sunflower seed or safflower oil and their fractions, other than crude, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified200731.63%26,251,953
122Russian Federation270900Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude200731.10%90,475,383,282
123Ukraine310240Fertilizers, mineral or chemical; ammonium nitrate with calcium carbonate or other inorganic non-fertilizing substances, mixtures thereof200731.10%24,926,387
124Ukraine730441Steel, stainless; cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), tubes and pipes of circular cross-section200730.46%99,870,690

Partner frequency summary:

Russian Federation: 89 occurrences

Ukraine: 23 occurrences

Saudi Arabia: 6 occurrences

Iran: 3 occurrences

United Arab Emirates: 2 occurrences

Syria: 1 occurrence

Critical Goods in table:

270900 - Oils; petroleum oils and oils obtained from bi...

271011 - -- Light oils and preparations

271019 - Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minera...

271119 - Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...

Legend:

(n)

The number in red parentheses indicates bottlenecks from countries flagged in the Danger Zone.

[n]

The number in lime square brackets indicates bottlenecks involving HS codes flagged in Critical Goods.